In a new report on drug use by drivers involved in America’s fatal crashes, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration on Tuesday, Nov. 30, reported post-mortem testing results showing an increase in the level of drug involvement among fatally injured drivers over a five-year period from 2005 to 2009. Drug involvement does not mean the driver was impaired or that drug use was the cause of the crash.
According to data compiled by NHTSA, 63 percent of the 21,798 drivers who were killed in motor vehicle crashes in 2009 were tested for drugs. Of these, 3,952 tested positive for drug involvement, representing 18 percent of the total for that year. The report also showed drug use reported by the states among fatally injured drivers increasing from 13 percent in 2005, to 15 percent in 2006, 16 percent in 2007, and 18 percent in 2008.
The drug data was collected by NHTSA as part of its Fatality Analysis Reporting System and included information collected from the states under three broad categories: whether the driver was tested, the type of test conducted, and the test results. The types of drugs recorded in FARS include narcotics, depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, cannabinoids, phencyclidines (PCPs), anabolic steroids and inhalants. The groups include both illicit drugs, as well as legally prescribed drugs and over-the-counter medicines.
“Every driver on the road has a personal responsibility to operate his or her vehicle with full and uncompromised attention on the driving task,” says NHTSA Administrator David Strickland. “Today’s report provides a warning signal that too many Americans are driving after having taken drugs, not realizing the potential for putting themselves and others on the highway at risk.”
In announcing the drug findings, Strickland did offer some cautions, including the fact that drug test results are unavailable for a large portion of fatally injured drivers. He noted also that there was a wide variance among states regarding the extent of drug testing conducted. He added that state drug testing techniques and procedures are evolving and that currently states, as well as jurisdictions within a state, may test for different drugs, use different test types and/or employ different concentration thresholds for determining whether a test was positive or not.
“The results we are releasing today indicate that drugs were found to be present in post-mortem examinations,” says Strickland, who noted that while many years of real-world observations and empirical evidence have shown a strong relationship between alcohol concentration levels in the blood and impairment and crash correlation, the same evidence is not yet available for drugs.
Strickland added that NHTSA is continuing to conduct research to better understand the correlation between drug levels and their impact on crashes. He also explained that, under NHTSA’s Drug Evaluation and Classification program, the agency has prepared nearly 1,000 instructors and trained more than 6,000 police officers in 46 states to recognize symptoms of driver impairment by drugs other than alcohol.
